| nedal_ | Bonjour | 19:42 |
|---|---|---|
| Ankman | hi | 19:48 |
| nedal_ | Je voulais savoir l utilité de la commande cat | 19:56 |
| nedal_ | si on tappe cat 'fichier' ça affiche le contenu de fichier sur le terminal | 19:57 |
| nedal_ | si on tappe cat 'fichier1' fichier2 ' on liste le contenu des 2 fichiers | 19:58 |
| nedal_ | mais si on ajoute un > entre les 2 fichier | 19:58 |
| nedal_ | ça fait copier le contenu du 1er et le colle dans le 2eme on supprimant le contenu original | 19:59 |
| Ankman | cat file1 file2 > file3 | 20:07 |
| Ankman | umm... | 20:07 |
| Ankman | cat file1 file2 >> file3 | 20:07 |
| nedal_ | ça fait quoi cette commande ? | 20:08 |
| nedal_ | c est quoi la diff entre les 2 ? | 20:08 |
| Ankman | > fait effacer avant copier | 20:11 |
| Ankman | >> ajute | 20:11 |
| nedal_ | Je veux savoir aussi, est ce que le Shell et le terminal sont la même chose ? | 20:12 |
| Ankman | ajoute (my french is bad, sorry) | 20:12 |
| Ankman | shell est un logiciel dans un terminal | 20:13 |
| Ankman | the shell, like bash, sh and others runs insode a terminal | 20:14 |
| Ankman | inside | 20:14 |
| nedal_ | so shell is what connects the user ( specifically programs) to the kernel | 20:15 |
| nedal_ | and the terminal is where we can do this | 20:16 |
| nedal_ | is that correct ? | 20:16 |
| Ankman | sheel is an interpreter of commands | 20:16 |
| Ankman | an environment. like the progamming language Basic | 20:17 |
| Ankman | from the bash man page: "Bash is an sh-compatible command language interpreter that executes commands read from the standard input or from a file." | 20:17 |
| nedal_ | and the terminal does the same thing, no? | 20:18 |
| Ankman | bash is mostly used as default shell in linux. you can find out what you run typing "echo $SHELL" (no "") | 20:18 |
| Ankman | the terminal provides the environment of things, like a shell. draws characters and other things | 20:19 |
| Ankman | you can eun shell command without a terminal | 20:19 |
| Ankman | run | 20:19 |
| Ankman | here from my gnome-terminal (that's just one of hundred terminals) man page: "GNOME Terminal is a terminal emulation application that you can use to perform the following actions: | 20:21 |
| Ankman | Access a UNIX shell in the GNOME environment. | 20:21 |
| Ankman | A shell is a program that interprets and executes the commands that you type at a command line prompt. When you start GNOME Terminal, the application starts the default shell that is specified in your system account. You can switch to a different shell at any time. | 20:21 |
| Ankman | Run any application that is designed to run on VT102, VT220, and xterm terminals.[6~ | 20:21 |
| Ankman | a terminal is like a television: it shows things inside (text output usually) | 20:23 |
| nedal_ | it s pretty much clear now, thank you Ankman | 20:24 |
| Ankman | :-) | 20:27 |
| nedal_ | please, how can I switch to a different shell | 20:28 |
| nedal_ | and, is it dangerous ? | 20:28 |
| nedal_ | because I m a new Linuxien | 20:28 |
| nedal_ | I used to work on windows | 20:29 |
| Ankman | you just type the name of the other shell. that opens the new shell in the old shell. like a cascade | 20:29 |
| Ankman | but the bash shell is the most powerfull. i wouldn't change it | 20:30 |
| Ankman | windows also has a quite powerfull shell. called cmd | 20:31 |
| Ankman | if you want to see what bash can, type "man bash". you can scroll up and down with the curser keys. "q" brings you back to the command prompt | 20:31 |
| nedal_ | ah okey !! then the equivalent of cmd is bash ! | 20:32 |
| Ankman | you can do "man" with almost anything on linux. man stands for manual. those are the so called man pages | 20:32 |
| nedal_ | yes I know :) | 20:33 |
| Ankman | yes, cmd and bash are shells. but different although some command work the same way | 20:33 |
| Ankman | i don't know if cmd has "pipes". bash and sh have | 20:33 |
| nedal_ | pipes ? what s that ? | 20:34 |
| Ankman | it's a | where what is output on the left is used as input for what is on the right. i try to think of an example... | 20:35 |
| Ankman | do you know "grep"? | 20:35 |
| nedal_ | yes I know grep | 20:37 |
| Ankman | means "get regular expression pattern" and is a powerfull filter itself. easiest example is "grep nedal_ /etc/passwd" which should list only your user in that file | 20:37 |
| Ankman | okay | 20:37 |
| Ankman | another is called "ps" which lists all running processes. now the example... | 20:37 |
| Ankman | ps axu | grep 100 | 20:37 |
| Ankman | that would list all processes, "pipes" them to grep and grep filters for "100". so only if something has "100" there will be listed | 20:38 |
| nedal_ | ok I see | 20:39 |
| Ankman | you can have a lot of pipes. one take the output of the previous | 20:39 |
| Ankman | like | 20:40 |
| nedal_ | it s like the {} on find command | 20:40 |
| Ankman | ps axu | grep 100 | grep root | 20:40 |
| nedal_ | ?? | 20:40 |
| nedal_ | kind of | 20:40 |
| Ankman | i think {} runs the command in there | 20:42 |
| Ankman | in bash the $() does it | 20:43 |
| Ankman | or what is inside `` | 20:43 |
| nedal_ | I cant understand very well but i guess it s normal | 20:52 |
| nedal_ | i m a new user of linux | 20:52 |
| Ankman | it's called "Command Substitution" and most linux user never go so deep into the shell ;-) i try to find an example | 20:56 |
| nedal_ | before that, do you know the difference between more and less? because I see that both print the contents of the file | 20:58 |
| Ankman | let's say you have a file called "nedal" which has "ps axu | grep 100" as content | 20:59 |
| Ankman | then $"(cat nedal)" will do the same as "ps axu | grep 100" | 20:59 |
| Ankman | more is not so user friendly. you cannot scroll up for example | 21:00 |
| Ankman | anyway, most linux users never so so deep into it. it very complex and big. but if you want you should get a book or online tutorial | 21:01 |
| nedal_ | i can scroll up with 'b' | 21:03 |
| nedal_ | and scroll down with space | 21:03 |
| Ankman | in more? oh that i didn't knew | 21:04 |
| Ankman | ha! :-) | 21:04 |
| nedal_ | :D happy to bring you something new ! | 21:06 |
| Ankman | :-) | 21:07 |
Generated by irclog2html.py 2.7 by Marius Gedminas - find it at mg.pov.lt!