=== utlemming is now known as utlemming_away === ejnahc is now known as ejnahc^ === CiPi is now known as cipi [04:08] want to earn USD50 per week by just shortening links.. new technique ... cant be found online ... pm me if interested. Requirement u need to run an app for atleast 150hrs per week else be ban from server. [04:18] not surre I can work 150hours per week without sleep === pHcF_ is now known as pHcF === Lcawte|Away is now known as Lcawte === cipi is now known as CiPi [09:29] Good morning. === Lcawte is now known as Lcawte|Away === Lcawte|Away is now known as Lcawte === zz_DenBeiren is now known as DenBeiren === Lcawte is now known as Lcawte|Away === Lcawte|Away is now known as Lcawte [17:54] hi.. what is ubuntu cloud? online desktop? or just another server? [17:57] Services running on remote servers. [17:58] ok thx.. :) [17:59] There are no webbased ubuntu os? [18:00] Whats is a "webbased ubuntu os"? [18:02] I thought that cloud is maybe a webbased Linux... [18:03] What is a "webbased linux"? [18:04] I'm just asking.. don't be an asshole [18:04] Igf you cant handle explanation requests, better dont say anything, instead of getting personal. [18:05] Setting you on ignore, for avoiding to read you any further. [18:05] *If [18:05] Nice admin [18:06] There are lots of online operation system writing in php/pearl.. I thought that ubuntu cloud was is a new ubuntu online operation system.. [18:07] I suppose it is more geared towards could vm services. Like amazons web stuff. [18:07] what is an easy way to just add ips to a file and then ban them from my whole computer? [18:08] fail2ban keeps banning the same ips every few hours (from china) and I just want to ban the whole range but I am not sure how [18:08] wolflarson: iptables, or better ipset. [18:09] Fail2ban has ipset support. [18:09] if you want easy, google ufw [18:10] boom that is really easy thanks AvatarA! [18:10] lordievader, iptables scares me [18:11] Iptables is nothing to be scared about. It is rather lovely. Once you start getting into iptables you start to dislike ufw. [18:12] i dont think i am smart enough to use it [18:12] it's hard to learn when you don't really need the advanced stuff iptables has to offer [18:14] but if you'll need to fine tune your settings it will become easy as you take it step by step and learn from practice [18:14] Anyone is able to learn iptables. [18:15] Everyone :) [18:19] so AvatarA will these settings save after reboot? or do I need to write these out to a file and add them to a config or something? [18:19] dont want to lock myself out :) [18:20] w [18:21] yes they're saved [18:23] what are you trying to block? bruteforce attacks on ssh? [18:26] well fail2ban seems to work for that OK [18:26] its just that when i go in the fail2ban log I see the same ips over and over again [18:26] may as well block them forever [18:26] You can also use ufw which is an interface for iptables [18:33] if you want to get rid of all that junk in the logs, change the listening port of ssh [18:33] it's not security but at least you get rid of 99% of the noise [18:37] Hey guys, I installed ubuntu server via usb, and my internal HDD was sdb while my flash drive was sda, and I had to install lilo grub on sdb (gnu grub was giving me problems) now when I boot the ain hdd it gives me ALERT! sdb6 cannot be found, I think this is because my main HDD is back to sda now. Is there way to change bootloader to search for sda instead of sdb? [18:40] you have access to the grub boot menu when you boot? [18:43] AvatarA no, I do not, it just goes into console, and my name is initarmfs [18:44] If "lilo" was used instead of "grub2" I'm not surprised :) [18:46] hold shift before you boot into console [18:46] TJ- I wish I could install grub but it just tells me it failed, and doesn't tell me why [18:47] AvatarA ok I will give it a shot, what is suppose to happen? menu? [18:47] aaa I misread, I thought you have grub [18:50] AvatarA I held shift and brough boot menu, and all there is "Linux" do I select it or since I dont have grub holding shift is moot? [18:50] anyway, you need to edit your boot entry from that boot menu and change to sda where necessary and then also edit your fstab [18:50] after you boot [18:50] well in grub you pressed "e" to edit the menu entry [18:51] there must be a key for lilo as well but I don't know it, didn't use lilo that much [18:52] AvatarA, what edit program can I use? vi/gedit/nano are not available. or would I have to use sed to modify files? [18:53] type editor, tell me what happens [18:54] sed is good for your particular case but be careful and have a looksie in your fstab before you run that command, see if everything else looks ok [18:55] editor: not found and i used find and could not find fstab [18:56] look in /etc/fstab [18:57] btw you have a very weird install [19:00] no fstab in /etc [19:01] type mount [19:01] I know I have weird install nothing can go smooth for me, trying to install ubuntu server on dell poweredge is a hassle. [19:01] hold up [19:01] and paste that to pastebin so I can see [19:03] i cant paste it from another computer that has no internet access even when i bring up eth port.. it just shows me rootfs systf etc.. if i try to do mount /rootfs says cant find "etc/fstab" no such file or directory [19:04] tell me what is "on /" [19:04] im gonna load irc on my tablet so i am not going between each room brb avatar [19:09] AvatarA ok i am back. did you asked what was on /? [19:09] I want to know what is mounted as / (root) [19:10] but I believe you're booted into initramfs now [19:10] yeah i am. [19:10] that would explain the lack of nano and such [19:11] I'll tell you what should be done cuz how, is longer :) [19:12] remount your /dev/sda1 (or whatever your system is installed) as / [19:12] ext4 or anything? [19:12] ext4 if that is how you created your partition [19:12] kk [19:13] and with defaults is good [19:14] after you remount that, you should resume boot, not restart [19:14] ok i mounted sda1 on / i didnt receive any error [19:15] resume boot? just type boot? [19:15] I am not sure exactly how that can be done in your case. [19:15] if you type exit what happens? [19:16] gives me same error on giving uup waiting and how it cant find dev/sdb6 [19:17] ok remount that sda1 and tell me if you can find /etc/fstab afterward [19:21] no fstab im just gonna restart maybe i will get lucky [19:23] nothing's changed so I don't believe so [19:23] damn it [19:24] how did you partition your drive? [19:24] did you install on the first partition? [19:25] yeah. its trying to find sdb that doesnt exist. idk how to change it to sda [19:27] you're now in initramfs, something that runs in the RAM without using anything on your hard disk [19:28] 2.you need to mount /dev/sda1 so you can access it [19:28] 3. you need to edit /etc/fstab so you can edit it and replace with /sda1 where necessary [19:29] 4. you need to edit your lilo config and do the same thing [19:29] 5. reboot [19:29] there is no lilo conf file. unfortunately. [19:30] let's retry :) [19:30] mkdir mylinux [19:30] works? [19:30] ok i mounted [19:31] yes mkdir mylinux works [19:31] umount /dev/sda1 cuz I don't know what/how you mounted there [19:31] so umount /dev/sda1 [19:31] works? [19:32] no errors.. let me see of my dir is stil in / [19:33] hey, may be a hot topic, but is SSL v3 still considered insecure? [19:33] mount /dev/sda1 /mylinux [19:34] kk [19:34] worked? [19:34] yep [19:34] ls /mylinux [19:35] all i had to do was make different dir [19:35] you get a bunch of directories and files? [19:35] yep fstab is here lilo.conf [19:35] ok, those you need to edit [19:36] replace what was your usb, /dev/whatever it was with /dev/sda1 and then you can reboot [19:37] it shows uuid which matches /dev/sda* [19:37] where, in fstab? [19:38] ya [19:39] line that starts with UUID= ? [19:39] ya [19:39] ok [19:39] now check lilo.conf [19:40] if fstab uses UUIDs then nothing needs to be changed [19:40] hmm [19:41] UUIDs replace stuff like /dev/sda1 with that series of characthers you just saw [19:42] can i scroll in console so im not viewing last bit of a file? [19:42] so they stay unique and don't change even if you add or remove drives [19:42] what command did you use to view? [19:42] cat [19:42] use "less" [19:43] less not found [19:43] what about "busybox less"? [19:43] applet not found [19:44] cat lilo.conf | more ? [19:45] still nothing. screw it just gonna use sed replace all sdb with sda and hope for the best [19:46] nope [19:46] it's not sdb [19:46] you should have had a number at the end [19:46] sdb1 or sdb6 or something [19:47] same with sda, use sda1 [19:47] i know sda1,2,5,6 [19:47] cuz sda1 is first partition, [19:47] sda is your drive, as a whole [19:47] if you replace everything with just sda you will likely screw everything even more [19:48] cat lilo.conf | head [19:48] ? [19:48] i know i meant sda1 sda2 sda5 sda6 [19:49] lilo? [19:49] I didn't think ubuntu ever used lilo [19:49] this is useless it wont save my stuff anyways [19:50] what do you mean it won't save it? [19:50] it does save what you edit now [19:50] if they didnt then i wouldnt have it installed. i would be trying to figure out why grub keeps failing at initial install. [19:51] when i use sed it outputs the changes but wont save. [19:52] o.. -i wasnt used [19:52] how do you know it doesn't save, it says so? [19:53] ok, worked now? [19:53] i use cat lilo.conf and still shows sdb1 sdb6 etc.. [19:53] ya it did [19:53] root=/dev/sdb1? or something like that? [19:54] well it did but its root=/dev/sda1; similar, im rebooting in hopes it worked [19:54] yeah root=/dev/sda1 seems about right [19:55] hmm still booting.. nope same error [19:56] it would be cool if you could somehow paste your lilo.conf :) [19:56] what was the error again? [19:57] anyway seems kinda f'd up that you're using /dev/sda1 here and UUIDs in fstab [19:57] weird weird install [19:58] ALERT! /dev/sdb6 cannot be found.. it tells me to check /proc/cmdline.. i tried to change it to sda6 using echo and said with no luck [19:59] sed* [19:59] no /proc doesn't matter here , that is not on your hard drive [19:59] you sure your sed changed sdb6 to sda1 ? [20:00] Hello [20:00] Does this app work, anyone here? [20:00] well i mean i switched sdb6 to sda6 if needed i can switch sda6 to sda1 in lilo.conf [20:01] oh man... :D [20:01] find a way to show me lilo.conf as it is now [20:01] i cant even fully view it myself. [20:01] maybe you can scroll after cat [20:01] try Shift and Up Key [20:02] Hey guys, would anyone be able to help me with this: http://askubuntu.com/q/647527/99155 I upgraded to 15.04 and my servers file system has become read only, really struggling to work out why/fix it :( [20:03] @here I'm hoping its something simple, i literally just updated from 14.04 to 15.04 [20:04] AndroUser, /dev/vda1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro) seems vda is mounted as rw, read/write [20:04] why do you say it's read only? [20:04] AvatarA, i cannot make any changes at all [20:04] Avatar shift + page up works [20:05] ok, at the beginning [20:05] boot=/dev ... [20:05] what do you have there? [20:05] I put the rw at the end, but it keeps saying there is something wrong with the UUID, so i changed it in fstab but it still doesnt work [20:06] What do you mean? [20:06] it was for Demon_Jester [20:06] tells me to `lilo to make changes which i did lol im at a >_ line.. lol [20:07] ok im back at the beginning [20:07] that line starting with boot= told you lilo to make changes? [20:07] AndroUser, how did you change UUID exactly? [20:08] AvatarA, I have no idea what made it wrong in the first place, but i asked DigitalOcean to put in the recovery ISO, booted to that and edited /etc/fstab to what i though the correct UUID was, took out the ISO rebooted, and its still read only [20:09] boot= is dev/sda should it be changed to sda1? [20:09] no, that is correct [20:09] root=/dev/sda1 actually [20:10] after some lines that say image=/boot/vmlinuz .. ? [20:10] AndroUser, see the fstab output at the bottom, the #commented line is what it was previously, before i changed it: http://askubuntu.com/q/647527/99155 [20:10] Oops i mean AvatarA [20:11] well it should match blkid of vda1 [20:11] avatarA insee image=/vmlinuz with options underneath like label=linux read-only etc.. [20:13] it sucks that I can't see the whole file but if you type lilo [20:13] does it say that it is applying changes or something like that? [20:13] no saus /bin/sh lilo not found [20:13] AvatarA is it the UUID starting 18 or 8c? [20:13] says* [20:13] aa yes [20:14] so go to /mylinux/sbin/lilo [20:14] run that [20:14] AvatarA, labeled DOROOT or primary [20:15] how do i run it? i already tried `lilo` no luck [20:16] it should be the first one AndroUser I don't know what the second is [20:16] ok i did the whole director `/mylinux/sbin/lilo` and got a error "Fatal: chroot /dev/sdb6: no such file orndirectory" [20:17] does anyone have a test neutron-lbaas-agent setup that they could quickly test a new haproxy with on trusty? [20:19] hey Demon_Jester if you try "chroot /mylinux" what happens? [20:20] goes to root@none gave me some errors about something. [20:22] AvatarA hey sorry got disconnected [20:22] Its AndroUser [20:22] (On my phone) [20:23] Which one should the UUID be? [20:23] I said it seems to be first, I don't know what the second is [20:24] Ok so the DOROOT [20:30] avatar what should i do now? [20:32] I was thinking about a chroot so you can uninstall lilo and just install grub but that requires a lot of steps too [20:32] i can use vi and stuff no [20:32] now [20:32] woot [20:35] yeah but I don't know if it's a complete chroot [20:35] proc should have been mounted too, sys and dev [20:35] anyways [20:35] proc kind of is. nothing in directory [20:35] now you can less lilo.conf [20:36] i was able to view it completely using shift + page up,down earlier [20:36] and see if you have any sdb6 there or whatever that error told you [20:36] no sdb6 in lilo.conf which is throwing me off. [20:37] and sda1 where it should be? [20:37] its on root/dev/sda1 [20:37] root=/dev/sda1* [20:37] well cuz that is just a config file and changes have not been written to boot loader [20:37] so try lilo now [20:38] same error [20:38] what error? [20:40] fatal: chroot /dev/sdb6: no such file or directory [20:42] hmm, I don't know where it gets that sdb6 from if you say it isn't present in lilo.conf [20:42] i tried looking at /boot/map since that was a directory but no luck there [20:47] lilo -b /dev/sda [20:47] same error? [20:57] AvatarA sorry i was at the server. umm i had my flash drive in so i removed it and rebooted. and i used df and showed my main hdd as sdb1 so idk whats going on. lol [20:57] so now your drive is sdb1 [21:02] so what is sda1? [21:05] oh for fuck sakes vi wont edit my fikes it jist inserts letter doesn't delete. no i have to fucking figure why that is not fucking working. [21:09] Demon_Jester: Please watch your language. [21:09] You could use vim instead of vi, it is much more user friendly. [21:10] vim is not on here [21:11] Install it, takes just a second. Or use nano, ofcourse. [21:11] now when i use lilo i get "fatal: raid_setup: stat("/dev/sdb")" [21:11] i cant eth0 is not working no internet connection. [21:12] "Is not working" any more details? [21:13] i bring it up. doesnt get ip address assigned. i already used sed to modify what i need. [21:13] Dhcp or static? [21:13] dhcp. [21:14] "sudo dhclient eth0" doesn't get you an address? [21:15] still in initramfs now? [21:16] no i have to make directory when i restart [21:17] so still at the initramfs stage [21:18] still getting sdb error idk why in ls /dev it doesnt list any sda* or sdb* i have checked lilo.conf repeatedly to see if there is /dev/sdb6 and nothing. [21:19] initrd is a static file-system, and if udev doesn't run then no dynamic discovery of devices will occur [21:19] Ain't it a good idea to configure lilo with UUID's instead of sdXY stuff? [21:21] Surely it'd be quicker to reinstall using GRUB and get guidance during the install to ensure the boot-loader is correctly installed? Maintaining a Lilo boot-loader is going to be nightmare; I'm not sure the update scripts take account of it any more [21:21] I was thinking he could chroot and then remove lilo and then install grub2 [21:22] i cant install grub it failed durimg installation didnt say why didnt tell me what logs to look at. lilo was my other option. [21:22] Is lilo even supported by Ubuntu? [21:22] !lilo [21:22] lilo is an alternative [Li]nux Boot[Lo]ader. Note: it is recommended that you use GRUB on Ubuntu instead. [21:22] Hmm, that is informative -.- [21:23] how is your drive partitioned? [21:24] sda1 is ext4 sda5 is swap sda6 is ext4 idk if that is what u meant. [21:26] so you have a system partition, first, then some swap space and then the last is for your /home , personal files? [21:26] Boot with a Live ISO in "Try ..." mode (giving full network and tools access), create a chroot into the installed system, replace lilo with grub2, get it configured correctly under guidance, and reboot [21:26] TJ- i cant try ubuntu-server.. [21:28] Demon_Jester: Get an ubuntu image or some other desktop flavor. [21:29] if he can mount his root partition can't he also chroot into it? [21:30] AvatarA: if 'chroot' is available [21:30] Demon_Jester, want to give it a go? [21:31] Demon_Jester: my feeling is you've already suffered 3 hours trying to make progress; in that time a Live ISO boot + chroot would have fixed this... and there's no guarantee continuing with Lilo is going to be sustainable for upgrades - and there are very few people now with expertise and experience with Lilo [21:35] if grub could not be installed at initial installation, how will it work now? [21:36] There's a lot of expertise on grub problems; that is a solvable issue [21:37] Running grub-install in a terminal usually gives an error that is quite google-able. [21:39] well ok i will give it a shot. [21:41] I'm currently doing a remote in-place replacement; the server is 12.04, I've created a 14.04 debootstrap install in a separate VG and am configuring that to take over from 12.04, using a chroot. I can be 100% sure that'll boot restarting the server. When you've got access to the network and full tool-set it makes fixing things so much easier [21:42] TJ-: That is allways a nice way of doing a reinstall :) [21:43] Why a separete VG though? [21:43] lordievader: It's been through 2 release-upgrades previously; I want a clean slate this time [21:44] I usually take a new lv in the same vg naming it something root-new-lv. When I'm done and it's tested I'll swap them around. [21:44] lordievader: Current environment Xen block devices, 1 per file-system. I want the flexibility of LVM [21:44] * lordievader has no experience with Xen. [21:44] lordievader: This server started out with 8.04 I think it was [21:45] Old server then ;) [21:45] No, 6.04! [21:45] 6.06 even, Dapper [21:46] Hehe even more ancient :P [21:46] I hope not on the same hardware as then? [21:46] yeah... and the amount of legacy crud means I'm reluctant to remove older components in case it breaks something [21:47] Wow, what specs? [21:47] It's virtualised, on Xen, and I'm porting it to KVM as well as moving it to 14.04 [21:48] ok im burning ubuntu to usb. should be done shortly [21:48] Intel Xeon E5-2680 [21:48] Ah, ain't to bad. My personal server is weaker ;) [21:51] The thing I like about a chroot replace/upgrade is you can move one service at a time (DNS, SSH, HTTP, SMTP, IMAP, etc.) over to the new install and ensure it is stable rather than moving everything and then scrambling to deal with upgrade issues, especially with the custom configs such systems usually have [21:53] Demon_Jester: just to be sure; the Live ISO you're writing is the same architecture as the installed system (amd64, or i386) ? [22:00] amd64 they both are [22:01] Demon_Jester: good :) [22:07] ok im in and have terminal, do i just google how to install grub? [22:09] Demon_Jester: No, we'll take you through it [22:09] Demon_Jester: You'll need root for most of this so to make things easier start off with "sudo -i" [22:10] Demon_Jester: , next, install the pastebinit package so you can easily share output with us: "apt-get install pastebinit" [22:10] I was more talking about the error. But replacing google with this chat works too ;) [22:11] well i mean i also googled but he, pastebinit is installed [22:11] eh* [22:11] Demon_Jester: "mkdir /target" [22:12] Demon_Jester: "pastebinit <( lsblk -f )" [22:13] ok its said failed to comtact the server [22:14] Demon_Jester: Do you have an internet connection? [22:14] Demon_Jester: Yeah, just out luck that ubuntu pastebin is having problems this past few minutes... it seems to come and go. Try again [22:14] lirdieavor, yes; TJ-, ok [22:15] http://paste.ubuntu.com/11869385/ [22:15] lordievader: I've been having problems accessing paste.ubuntu.com I think there's a routing issue [22:16] Hmm, I see. [22:16] Demon_Jester: thanks, so we're dealing with /dev/sda. Now show us "pastebinit <( blkid )" [22:18] http://paste.ubuntu.com/11869402/ [22:18] Demon_Jester: OK, and now "pastebinit <(cat /proc/partitions )" [22:19] Demon_Jester: this gives us all the background info we need to be confident we understand the disk layout [22:19] http://paste.ubuntu.com/11869411 [22:20] kk [22:20] Demon_Jester: So sda is a 500GB disk? [22:21] no its 1tb i partitioned it down to 500 for idk why tbh. [22:22] Demon_Jester: OK... "pastebinit <( fdisk -l /dev/sda )" [22:26] Demon_Jester: if fdisk not-found, then "apt-get install util-linux" [22:26] http://paste.ubuntu.com/11869448/ [22:26] sorry for the delay [22:32] Demon_Jester: that's a weird layout! [22:33] Demon_Jester: from your earlier adventures with the mention of /dev/sdb6, I'm guessing that /sda6 is the root file-system; is that correct? [22:34] Demon_Jester: On that basis "mount /dev/sda6 /target" should allow us to confirm that? [22:34] i believe so, i hate this kind of stuff tbh [22:35] Demon_Jester: "ls /target/" shold show something similar to "bin boot dev etc home lib lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var" [22:38] its blank, am i suppose to mount something there [22:39] Demon_Jester: >>>> On that basis "mount /dev/sda6 /target" should allow us to confirm that [22:40] ya it shows what u listed. [22:41] Demon_Jester: great! let's prepare it for chroot then. "for n in proc sys dev dev/pts run etc/resolv.conf; do mount --bind /$n /target/$n; done" [22:44] i receive an error /target/etc/resolv.conf does not exist [22:45] Demon_Jester: OK, let's create something for it then. "touch /target/etc/resolv.conf" .... after that do "mount --bind /etc/resolv.conf /target/etc/resolv.conf" [22:46] Demon_Jester: that bind is allowing the chroot to use the host's DNS resolver so that normal IP networking is available inside the chroot [22:48] ok done. [22:50] Demon_Jester: Right, time to enter the chroot: "chroot /target" [22:50] ok done. [22:51] does chroot just make that directory temp root directory? [22:52] Demon_Jester: That and it intercepts some system libraries to fool tools into believing that too [22:53] Demon_Jester: Now lets find out what the installed bootloader packages are: "pastebinit <( dpkg -l *lilo* grub* )" [22:55] http:/paste.ubuntu.com/11869585/ [22:55] crap [22:56] should still be able to see it. [22:57] OK, so just "lilo" currently. Let's remove that and then install grub2. "apt-get purge lilo" [22:58] ok purged [22:59] apt-get install grub2? [22:59] Demon_Jester: "apt-get install grub-pc" [23:00] At some point, if I recall correctly, you'll get asked where to install grub. That will be "/dev/sda" [23:00] ok i selected sda [23:01] You should also see it generate the grub.cfg file, where it lists all the kernels it found installed [23:01] took me a second to realize space selects it. [23:02] I guess it was running the text-console ncurses pseudo-windowing interface. That can be confusing :) [23:02] if I was setting up a home system as a server...how can I set it up to wake on LAN? is that a bios setting exclusively? or do I need to set it also in ubuntu? can anyone enlighten me? [23:02] i dont see grub.cfg in /target [23:03] Demon_Jester: "ls -l /boot/grub/" [23:03] ok perfect [23:04] Demon_Jester: I'm going to take you through that process manually just so you know how to do it yourself, and what good output looks like too [23:04] Demon_Jester: "grub-install /dev/sda" [23:04] wdf its installing for i386.. [23:05] Demon_Jester: don't panic :) [23:05] finished. no errors [23:05] Demon_Jester: GRUB runs in 32-bit mode... hands over to an operating system, which then switches into 64-bit long mode if its the AMD64 install [23:05] oh i see [23:06] Demon_Jester: OK, now to generate GRUB's /boot/grub/grub.cfg (which is done every time a new kernel is installed/old kernel removed) do "update-grub" [23:06] ok done. [23:07] lurchy, both, depends on what level of *sleep* your in [23:07] if you mean, full poweroff, that is bios only [23:07] you should see it list the kernel versions as it does that... each of those versions will be added to grub.cfg, with a 'regular' boot entry and a "Recovery" entry accessible from GRUB's "Advanced" sub-menu at boot-time, if you hold Shift as the system is booting. [23:08] oh. i see. ok. [23:08] Demon_Jester: I'm reasonably confident that is fixed, but I want to check before I say "reboot", OK? [23:08] ok [23:08] hmmm...sleep mode in ubuntu? can you explain the difference? [23:09] ahh [23:09] consult your cpu manual [23:09] Demon_Jester: "pastebinit <( dd if=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1 | hexdump -C)" [23:09] I understand....I read it already [23:09] I think there are normally 5 levels, where 5 == full poweroff [23:10]